Microwave Irradiation Technique, a Green Chemistry Approach for Dissolution Enhancement of Lopinavir

Aim: This research was focused on improvement of aqueous solubility of Lopinavir (LPO), Antiretroviral (ART) drug by preparing solid dispersion (SD) through microwave irradiation (MWI) technique as a green chemistry approach.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutics, M. C. E. Society’s Allana College of Pharmacy, CIF-SPPU, Pune, between June 2018 and July 2021

Methodology: In MWI different batches of SD were formulated by 32 factorial approach with time of exposure (X1) and power of radiation (X2) as variable quantity and dissolution rate as response (Y1). β-CD was used as hydrophilic carriers. Drug carrier magnitude relation of 1:1 resolve by phase solubility analysis and SD were assessed for drug content, percentage dissolution rate studies, FTIR, XRD, DSC and SEM analysis.

Results: The FTIR, XRD, DSC and SEM studies exhibited no interaction between LPO and excipient. In Physical mixture (PM) it shows less intensity and disappearance of sharp peaks while in SD indicates the conversion of crystalline state of LPO to amorphous state that discovered the dissolution enhancing, so the SD prepared by MWI proved to be a promising approach to increasing the dissolving rate of BCS class II drug LPO.

Conclusion: Hence, from the all analysis studies, it absolutely was evident that factorial batch F1 was the higher. F1 coded batch (LPO: β-CD within the magnitude relation of 1:1 with time of exposure (4 min) and power of radiation (300 Watt), shows 07 folds increase i.e. 84% compared with drug discharged inside 60 min to plane LPO and SD i.e. 12 % only and 84% respectively.