Assessment of Wetland Avifauna Diversity in Proximity to Industrial Ports: A Case of Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust

Birds hold immense significance within ecosystems, playing a pivotal role in preserving the delicate balance of nature. Specifically in wetland ecology, these creatures serve a vital function. The natural wetlands neighboring the Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT), situated in Nhava Sheva, Uran, serve as crucial nesting, roosting, and feeding grounds for avian species. However, due to the rapid decline of wetlands, largely attributed to concentrated industrial activities, there exists an urgent necessity to explore the diversity of species among wetland and vegetation-dwelling birds.

Conducted between November 2022 and March 2023, the present research unveiled a total of 72 bird species within the coastal wetlands of JNPT and the adjacent vegetative areas, representing a diverse spectrum comprising 90 genera and 51 families. This comprehensive study extensively documented the presence, habitats, conservation statuses, as well as the dietary preferences and feeding habits of numerous bird species. Notably, the research highlighted the prevalence of bird varieties primarily clustered within groups such as Scolopacidae (14), Accipitridae (10), Aredeidae (7), Anatidae (6), Charadriidae (4), Threskiornithidae (4), Motacillidae (3), and Muscuicapidae (3).

Utilizing this foundational knowledge of bird life in JNPT's coastal wetlands and surrounding vegetation, this study aims to contribute significantly to the conservation efforts targeted at preserving these critical habitats. The migratory birds that frequent JNPT hold substantial ecological importance, further emphasizing the significance of protecting and conserving these wetlands.