Examining the Effects of Constituents in Paste on Low Light Performances of Silicon Solar Cells

Practically speaking, solar cell performance under low light conditions is more crucial for overall power generation capacity. Previous research has shown that at low light intensities, the efficiency and maximum output of solar cells with low shunt resistance decrease. In contrast, our study has shown the impact of paste or glass frit as paste ingredients on solar cells using the floating contact method's open-circuit voltage as well as shunts and recombination. The effects of the glass frit in the paste on the cell performance in low light, however, are still not entirely evident. As a result, the impacts of the glass frit itself on the cell performance in low light are examined in this work. This is due to the fact that, despite being a necessary component of the silver paste that contacts the solar cells electrically, the effects of the glass frit on cell performance are still unclear. In conclusion, the glass frit itself lowers the solar cell performances at low light intensities by causing shunts and recombination, especially open-circuit voltage and fill factor. As a result, the effects of paste constituents on shunts and recombination are crucial for both the solar cell performances at 1 sun and the performances at low light intensities.