Modelling the Enablers of Green and Sustainable Practices in Indian Pharmaceutical Industry- An ISM Approach

Rising environmental issues and production of hazardous waste by the pharmaceutical industry has created a harmful impact on society, the environment, and pharmaceutical companies' reputation. It has given rise to the need to adopt and integrate green and sustainable pharmaceutical company’s practices to mitigate environmental degradation's negative effects. The aim is to identify hierarchical interrelationships between these variables and determine their significance through MICMAC analysis and Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM). The study identified ten significant enablers by exploring literature review and consultation with the industry experts from the Indian Pharmaceutical sector, which led to an understanding of their interrelationships. A four-level model was derived through the ISM technique. Pressure from the customer was found to be the most important enabler, followed by top management commitment and regulation. These enablers carry high driving power. The model developed through this study will help the pharmaceutical companies and their managers to implement green processes systematically.