Correale, Michele and Tricarico, Lucia and Bevere, Ester Maria Lucia and Chirivì, Francesco and Croella, Francesca and Severino, Paolo and Mercurio, Valentina and Magrì, Damiano and Dini, Frank and Licordari, Roberto and Beltrami, Matteo and Dattilo, Giuseppe and Salzano, Andrea and Palazzuoli, Alberto (2024) Circulating Biomarkers in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: An Update. Biomolecules, 14 (5). p. 552. ISSN 2218-273X
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Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare subtype of group 1 pulmonary hypertension (PH) diseases, characterized by high pulmonary artery pressure leading to right ventricular dysfunction and potential life-threatening consequences. PAH involves complex mechanisms: vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, RV remodeling, cellular hypoxia, metabolic imbalance, and thrombosis. These mechanisms are mediated by several pathways, involving molecules like nitric oxide and prostacyclin. PAH diagnosis requires clinical evaluation and right heart catheterization, confirming a value of mPAP ≥ 20 mmHg at rest and often elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Even if an early and accurate diagnosis is crucial, PAH still lacks effective biomarkers to assist in its diagnosis and prognosis. Biomarkers could contribute to arousing clinical suspicion and serve for prognosis prediction, risk stratification, and dynamic monitoring in patients with PAH. The aim of the present review is to report the main novelties on new possible biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring of PAH.
Item Type: | Article |
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Subjects: | EP Archives > Multidisciplinary |
Depositing User: | Managing Editor |
Date Deposited: | 10 May 2024 06:54 |
Last Modified: | 10 May 2024 06:54 |
URI: | http://research.send4journal.com/id/eprint/3909 |